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verbbriathar 1 stating status, position, appearance etc intransitiveneamhaistreachbí verb cmuis cmu► (followed by noun) Paul is a musician is ceoltóir é Pól, ceoltóir is ea Pól, ceoltóir atá i bPól, tá Pól ina cheoltóir their son was the captain ba é a mac an captaen, a mac a bhí ina chaptaen that was a mistake ba bhotún é sin, botún ba ea é sin, botún a bhí ann sin it's no joke ní magadh ar bith é, ní ábhar magaidh é are you the owner of the hotel? an tú úinéir an óstáin? was she the person in charge? arbh ise an duine a bhí i gceannas? a currach is a kind of boat is cineál báid í curach today is Friday inniu an Aoine marking essays is a real pain is crá croí ceart é aistí a mharcáil what we did was to put the launch back a week is é a rinneamar ná an seoladh a chur siar ar feadh seachtaine what annoyed her was that she wasn't consulted is é a chuir olc uirthi ná nach ndeachthas i gcomhairle léi► (followed by adjective) he's injured tá sé gortaithe she'd be too cold bheadh sí rófhuar are they all gone? an bhfuil siad go léir imithe?, an bhfuil siad uilig ar shiúl? the place wasn't full ní raibh an áit lán is the room free? an bhfuil an seomra ar fáil? that isn't right níl sé sin ceart he's well tá sé go maith this one is better tá an ceann seo níos fearr, is fearr an ceann seo► (followed by adverb) they're here tá siad anseo the match is over tá an cluiche thart► (followed by prepositional phrase) the bag is under the table tá an mála faoin mbord Síle is from Carlow is as Ceatharlach do Shíle, is as Ceatharlach Síle► (followed by number phrase) she's five now tá sí cúig bliana d'aois anois he's 37 years old tá sé 37 bliain d'aois it's ten o'clock tá sé a deich a chlog the garage is twenty miles from here tá an garáiste fiche míle as seo the line is ten metres long tá an líne deich méadar ar fad► (with 'it' constructions) it was no surprise níorbh aon ionadh é, níorbh iontas ar bith é it was a cold evening tráthnóna fuar a bhí ann, tráthnóna fuar ba ea é, ba thráthnóna fuar é it's hard to work at night is deacair a bheith ag obair san oíche, tá sé deacair a bheith ag obair san oíche it's Pól who did the cooking Pól a rinne an chócaireacht► (after question word) who are they? cé hiad?, cé hiad féin? who is the woman on the right? cé hí an bhean ar dheis? what was in the bag? céard a bhí sa mhála?, cad a bhí sa mhála? where are you? cá bhfuil sibh? when is the wedding? cén uair a bheidh an bhainis ann?, cá huair a bheidh an bhainis ann?, cathain a bheidh an bhainis ann? how is your sister? cén chaoi a bhfuil do dheirfiúr?, conas atá do dheirfiúr?, cad é mar atá do dheirfiúr? 2 describing behaviour, temporary state intransitiveneamhaistreachbí verb cmuis cmu we were worried bhí imní orainn, bhíomar imníoch you have to be quiet caithfidh sibh a bheith ciúin don't be silly! ná bí amaideach! he was being a bully ag maistíneacht a bhí sé 3 equal to amount intransitiveneamhaistreachbí verb cmuis cmu the prize is 1000 euro 1000 euro an duais three plus nine is twelve a trí móide a naoi sin a dó dhéag 4 cost amount intransitiveneamhaistreach the lessons are 200 euro 200 euro atá ar na ceachtanna, 200 euro a chosnaíonn na ceachtanna the dinner was an extra 50 euro bhí 50 euro breise ar an dinnéar, chosain an dinnéar 50 euro breise how much is all that? cá mhéad é sin go léir?, cá mhéad atá air sin uilig?, cé mhéad a chosnaíonn sé sin ar fad? how much is a cup of coffee? cá mhéad atá ar chupán caife? how much is it to stay for a fortnight? cé mhéad a chosnaíonn sé fanacht ar feadh coicíse? 5 go somewheresb has been therebeen there, done thatsb has been and done sth intransitiveneamhaistreachbí verb cmutéigh verb cmu I've been to the dentist again bhí mé ag an bhfiaclóir arís, chuaigh mé chuig an bhfiaclóir arís I haven't been to mass since ní raibh mé ar aifreann ó shin, ní dheachaigh mé ar aifreann ó shin she's never been to a match ní raibh sí ag cluiche riamh have you ever been to Leitrim? an raibh tú riamh i Liatroim? they've been here before bhí siad anseo cheana where have you been? cá raibh tú?, cá ndeachaigh tú? 6 existto be or not to be intransitiveneamhaistreachbí ann cmu there once was a tailor bhí táilliúir ann tráth, bhí táilliúir ann fadó they've ceased to be ní ann dóibh a thuilleadh, níl siad ann níos mó the best composer that ever was an cumadóir is fearr dá raibh riamh ann leave it as it is fág é mar atá sé, ná bain dó, ná bac leis, éist leis auxiliary verbbriathar cúnta 7 with present participle, to form progressivebí verb cmu who's calling? cé atá ag glaoch? what are you doing? cad atá á dhéanamh agat?, cad é atá tú a dhéanamh? what is he saying? céard atá á rá aige?, cad atá á rá aige?, cad é atá sé a rá? he was cutting the grass bhí sé ag gearradh an fhéir she'll be signing copies of her book beidh sí ag síniú cóipeanna dá leabhar 8 with past participle, to form passive the posts will be advertised fógrófar na poist little was done about it is beag a rinneadh faoi he wasn't killed níor maraíodh é it was published last year foilsíodh anuraidh é it's published every month foilsítear gach mí é it was claimed that human error was to blame maíodh gurbh earráid dhaonna ba chúis leis it's said that power corrupts deirtear go dtagann an t-olc de dhroim na cumhachta it's thought that they're French ceaptar gur Francaigh iad, meastar gur Francaigh iad it'll be needed beidh gá leis, beidh sé ag teastáil, beidh sé de dhíth 9 with infinitive, to say what is/was going to happen this is to be discussed later tá sé seo le plé níos déanaí, pléifear é seo níos déanaí we got a taste of what was to come fuaireamar blaiseadh den mhéid a bhí romhainn the talks were to be followed by a general election bhí olltoghchán in ainm tarlú tar éis na gcainteanna that was a decision he was to regret sin cinneadh a mbeadh aithreachas air faoi ar ball she was never to return home ní raibh sé i ndán di filleadh abhaile aríssth is/was not to be 10 with infinitive, for saying what should happen the teachers are to be praised for their work tá na múinteoirí le moladh as a gcuid oibre what else was I to do? cad eile a d'fhéadfainn a dhéanamh?, cad eile ba cheart dom a dhéanamh? 11 literaturelitríocht with infinitive, to say what sb must do you're to leave immediately caithfidh tú imeacht láithreach, ní mór duit imeacht láithreach I was to be at the gate bhí mé in ainm a bheith ag an ngeata, bhí mé le bheith ag an ngeata 12 with infinitive in 'if' clauses if I'm to rewrite it, I'll need more time má táim chun é a athscríobh, beidh tuilleadh ama uaim she needs to improve if she's to pass beidh uirthi feabhsú má tá sí le pas a fháil 13 in question tagsbí verb cmu there's something wrong, isn't there? tá rud éigin cearr, nach bhfuil? you're having a laugh, aren't you? tá tú ag magadh, nach bhfuil?; ag magadh atá tú, nach ea? it wasn't an accident, was it? níor thimpiste é, arbh ea?; ní timpiste a bhí ann, arbh ea? he was a priest, wasn't he? sagart ba ea é, nárbh ea?; ba shagart é, nárbh ea?; sagart a bhí ann, nárbh ea? 14 in short answerbí verb cmu 'Are you listening to me?' 'I am.' 'An bhfuil tú ag éisteacht liom?' 'Tá.' 'She won't be staying, will she?' 'She won't.' 'Ní bheidh sí ag fanacht, an mbeidh?' 'Ní bheidh.' 15 avoiding repetitionbí verb cmu I said it'd be working by Saturday and it was dúirt mé go mbeadh sé ag obair faoin Satharn agus bhí 16 literaturelitríocht expressing probability or conditionsbe that as it may be it wet or dry fliuch nó tirim é, bíodh sé fliuch nó tirim, pé fliuch tirim é be it true or not cé acu atá sé fíor nó nach bhfuil, bíodh sé fíor nó ná bíodh she'd eat any kind of food, whether it be pasta or rice d'íosfadh sí aon chineál bia, ba chuma cé acu pasta nó rís a bheadh ann they'll be there, whether it be Monday or Friday beidh siad ann, is cuma cé acu an Luan nó an Aoine a bheidh i gceist were I in his place, I wouldn't ask her dá mbeinn ina áitsean, ní iarrfainn uirthi é were you to fail dá mba rud é go dteipfeadh ort PhrasesNathanna there is tá cmu there's money in my purse tá airgead i mo sparán there were soldiers everywhere bhí saighdiúirí i ngach áit there's no second chance níl aon dara seans ann are there any more biscuits? an bhfuil tuilleadh brioscaí ann?, an bhfuil aon bhriosca fágtha? there's a vaccine available tá vacsaín ar fáil the be-all and end-all bun agus barr an scéiltús agus deireadh an scéil be that as it may bíodh sin mar atámar sin féin cmufós féin cmu so be it bíodh amhlaidhbíodh sé mar sin if it means paying extra, so be it más gá breis a íoc, bíodh amhlaidh if it hadn't been for ... murach ...mura mbeadh ...ach ab é ... I wouldn't have stayed if it hadn't been for Seán ní fhanfainn murach Seán, ní fhanfainn mura mbeadh Seán, ní fhanfainn ach ab é Seán if it hadn't been for you phoning me murach gur ghlaoigh tú orm, mura mbeadh gur ghlaoigh tú orm, ach ab é gur scairt tú orm if I were you dá mbeinn i d'áitsedá mba mise thusa to be or not to be bheith ann nó gan a bheith ann it isn't to be ní hé sin atá leagtha amachníl sé sa chinniúint it wasn't to be and we lost by a single point ní raibh sé i ndán dúinn agus chailleamar le cúilín amháin if it's not to be, it's not to be mura bhfuil sé i ndán dúinn, níl to let sb be (also nó to leave sb be) ligean do dhuineduine a fhágáiléisteacht le duine let her be ná bac léi, lig di, ná cuir araoid ar bith uirthi to let sth be (also nó to leave sth be) ligean do rudrud a fhágáiléisteacht le rud it might be better to leave it be b'fhéidir gurbh fhearr é a fhágáil mar atá, seans gurbh fhearr gan bacadh leis to be there for sb (also nó to be here for sb) bheith ar fáil do dhuine sb has been and done sth informalneamhfhoirmeálta Muiris has been and had his hair dyed again tá Muiris tar éis dul agus dath a chur ina chuid gruaige arís, céard atá déanta ag Muiris ach dath a chur ina chuid gruaige arís as was (also nó that was) mar a bhíodhmar a bhí tráth the president of the Irish Free State (as was) uachtarán Shaorstát Éireann (mar a bhí tráth) being as (also nó being as how) informalneamhfhoirmeáltaó tharla go cmuós rud é go cmu being as you're a regular customer ó tharla gur custaiméir rialta tú Phrasal VerbsBriathra Frásacha→ be all

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