Nua-Chorpas na hÉireann | The New Corpus for Ireland

Leagadh síos i dtús thionscadal an Fhoclóra Nua Béarla-Gaeilge gur den riachtanas corpais shuntasacha Béarla agus Gaeilge a bheith mar bhonn faoin saothar, mar a éilíonn dea-chleachtas na foclóireachta comhaimseartha. Tá obair Chéim 2a (soláthar ábhar Béarla an fhoclóra) bunaithe ar ollchorpas 1.7 billiún focal Béarla ina n-áirítear Corpas Náisiúnta na Breataine (BNC) agus sonraí ar ceadúnas ón Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) in Pennsylvania. Gan trácht ar an ghá le corpas suntasach Gaeilge, ba léir, leis, gur ghá cúram ar leith a dhéanamh de chion Bhéarla na hÉireann i gCéim 2a. Chun riar ar an dá riachtanas sin, tugadh faoi chorpas saincheaptha don tionscadal seo, Nua-Chorpas na hÉireann, a thiomsú agus a fhorbairt. Faoi láthair, tá san áireamh ann seo:

Corpas Gaeilge 30 milliún focal, a bunaíodh ar dtús ar dhá chorpas a bhí tiomsaithe ag Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann (ITÉ) - Corpas Náisiúnta na Gaeilge (8.5 milliún focal) a foilsíodh in 2003, agus corpas eile ina raibh 15.5 milliún focal. Cuireadh 10 milliún focal eile leis an chorpas Gaeilge seo ó shin, agus tá i gceist leanúint de bheith ag cur ábhar breise leis ar bhonn leanúnach.
Corpas nua de Bhéarla na hÉireann ina bhfuil 257 milliún focal le húdair Éireannacha. Tá i gceist leanúint d’fhorbairt an chorpais Bhéarla chomh maith céanna.

Le bogearraí ríomhtheangeolaíochta an Sketchengine, atá á bhforbairt ag Adam Kilgarriff agus a fhoireann, tá fáil ag an tionscadal ar na huirlisí is úrscothaí i réimse na foclóireachta chun próiseáil agus scagadh mionchúiseach a dhéanamh ar na corpais seo. Chomh maith leis sin, tá Foras na Gaeilge i bpáirt leis an Lárionad Staidéir is Cumarsáide (CLCS) i gColáiste na Tríonóide chun forbairt leanúnach a dhéanamh ar ghnéithe teicniúla den chorpas Gaeilge agus ar chlibeáil na ranna cainte ann.

Tá tuilleadh eolais anseo maidir le prionsabail deartha Nua-Chorpas na hÉireann (is i mBéarla amháin atá an cháipéis seo).

Cén fáth a bhfuil corpas de Bhéarla na hÉireann ag teastáil?

Cé go bhfuil go leor ag an mBéarla a labhraítear in Éirinn agus ag Béarla na Breataine, tá difríochtaí suntasacha idir an dá chanúint, agus ba dhual do thionscadal foclóireachta Éireannach a dheimhniú go dtabharfaí a cheart do Bhéarla na tíre seo. Chuige sin, tugadh faoi chorpas de Bhéarla na hÉireann a thiomsú chun fianaise a sholáthar faoi phatrúin agus struchtúir shainiúla an Bhéarla sa tír seo. Na dulanna cainte thíos as Are you somebody? le Nuala O’Faolain (Baile Átha Cliath, New Island Books 1996), mar shampla, ní mar an gcéanna a déarfaí iad i mBéarla Shasana. Tá Foras na Gaeilge faoi chomaoin ag Nuala O’Faolain as cead a thabhairt a saothar a lua anseo; ar an drochuair cailleadh Nuala in 2008, ar dheis Dé go raibh a hanam.

to go asleep (‘to go to sleep’ i mBéarla Shasana): "He drank his milk from a Gordon’s gin bottle with a teat and soon went asleep". (: 67)
out the back of: "So they went out to Kinsealy and hid out the back of Mr Haughey’s house for three days". (: 247)
blow-in: "I do wonder, sometimes, why we’re so fortunate, when they’re so unfortunate. But then, I’m a blow-in". (: 227)
bring (‘take’ i mBéarla Shasana): "Not long after that, she agreed to go into a psychiatric hospital for her drinking. He and his car weren’t around. I brought her, in a taxi". (: 379)
down the country (‘away out in the country’ i mBéarla Shasana): One of my younger sisters lives in a town down the country." (: 73); "The worst example I ever saw was down the country. The house was full of pale brothers and sisters who sometimes burst into silent vicious fighting." (: 253)
craythur: "Caitlin wrote a play for Christmas about a poor craythur from the country looking for Woolworth’s cafeteria – the first one in the city. I’m talking about the 1930s." (: 365)
culchie: "Caitlin wrote a play for Christmas about a poor craythur from the country looking for Woolworth’s cafeteria – the first one in the city. I’m talking about the 1930s. I remember how we fell around laughing and of course she was the culchie and did it to perfection, make-up and all." (: 365)
daftie: "In Monaghan, the girl with the crush was called a "daftie": a popular senior girl might have eight or ten dafties. The dafties competed to get the loved one to accept presents." (: 40)
debs’ ball: "The head nun cancelled revision classes, cancelled the debs’ ball, and, in general, demonstrated to the girls where, as a matter of fact, power lies." (: 241)
to fall around: "I remember how we fell around laughing and of course she was the culchie and did it to perfection, make-up and all." (: 365)
to give out: "So they went out to Kinsealy and hid out the back of Mr Haughey’s house for three days. Someone gave them out food." (‘gave out food to them’ in British English) (: 247)
to give out about something: "Every few years, someone gives out about RTÉ transmitting the Angelus bell. This attracts some comment, and then the subject is dropped, till the next time." (: 336)
to kick up (‘to kick up a fuss’ i mBéarla Shasana): "Why do they want children to stay quiet and go away? Single middle-aged women aren’t supposed to kick up, either." (: 191)
on the labour (‘on the dole’ i mBéarla Shasana): "This woman was telling me the other day that where she lives nearly everybody is on the labour." (: 253)
land (‘a let-down’ i mBéarla Shasana): "And to see them out in their Hermes scarves, and their make-up, you’d think they were – you know, really nice. But if you went to their houses – well, you got such a land. Untidy, they’d be. Dirty, even." (: 229)
to link someone somewhere: "If you linked her up the steps into the library … she would radiate happiness." (walked her up the steps, arm in arm) (: 171)
only that: "The time my front tooth fell out when I had to record an interview in the morning and only that I was reading Jane Eyre and Jane had been so brave I would have succumbed to panic." (‘if I hadn’t been reading Jane Eyre’) (: 126)
a pick of … (‘a spot of’, ‘the least bit of’): "Or, that they had been beaten themselves, and that it hadn’t done them a pick of harm." (: 242)
see: "Her whole send-off was so perfectly done that I asked a nephew, afterwards, to see could he arrange for me something like it – a modest, heartfelt, traditional, Dublin funeral. (‘to see if he could arrange …’) (: 345)
sure: ""Sure you could easily go too," she said to me." (: 208)

Cabhair á lorg

Tá breis téacsanna Gaeilge agus Béarla araon á mbailiú ar bhonn leanúnach chun cur le réimse agus le scóip Nua-Chorpas na hÉireann agus chun a chinntiú go mbeadh fáil sa chorpas ar shamplaí d’fhocail agus de théarmaí nua a thagann ar an fhód sa dá theanga. Is í Jó Ní Dhonnchadha atá i bhfeighil dul i dteagmháil leis na daoine ag a bhfuil cóipcheart an ábhair seo, chun a gcead a fháil na téacsanna a chur leis an chorpas. Ba mhór againn do chabhair féin sa chúram. Más scríbhneoir, foilsitheoir nó eagarthóir nuachtáin thú agus má tá tú toilteanach do chuid téacsanna a bheith sa chorpas, téigh i dteagmháil le Jó ag eolas@focloir.ie agus cuirfidh sí ar an eolas thú faoina bhfuil i gceist.

Níor mhiste dhá phointe phríomha a lua, áfach:

Is amhábhar atá sna téacsanna a choimeádtar sa chorpas chun cabhrú linn léargas fíor a fháil ar an chaoi a n-úsáidtear focail. Ní féidir sleachta móra as aon téacs a atáirgeadh in aon áit ar bhealach ar bith sa chorpas.
Nuair a chuimsítear téacs mar chuid de chorpas ní chailleann an téacs aon chuid den chosaint dhlíthiúil atá aige faoi dhlí an chóipchirt.

Buíochas

Gabhann Foras na Gaeilge buíochas ó chroí leis na heagraíochtaí agus leis na daoine aonair go léir a bhronn téacsanna ar an gCorpas go dtí seo nó a chabhraigh linn ar bhealach eile an Corpas a thiomsú. Tá liosta de na rannpháirtithe uile le feiceáil anseo.

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